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Arch. latinoam. nutr ; 66(3): 230-238, Sept. 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-838449

ABSTRACT

Ecuador is undergoing a nutrition transition where overweight/obesity coexist with undernutrition. The objective of this study was to determine nutritional status, physical activity, fruit and vegetables consumption frequency among school-going adolescents in the canton of Paute and further explore if these variables were differential by urban vs. rural residence. We conducted a cross-sectional study using a random sample of students aged 12 to 19 years from the only two public secondary schools in the canton Paute. We determined nutritional status according to the World Health Organization criteria. Demographics, physical activity habits, fruit and vegetable consumption frequency were determined by questionnaires. Of the total of 314 students, 44.9% lived in urban area and 55.1% in rural area. The prevalence of overweight/obesity was significantly higher among students with urban vs. rural residence (28.4% vs. 17.9%; P=.03). The prevalence of stunting was significantly higher among students with rural vs. urban residence (31.8% vs. 16.3%; P=.002). There were no significant differences detected between groups in the frequency of consumption of fruits and vegetables. Urban residence was associated with a greater mean number of minutes of outdoor recreation after school (76.0 minutes vs. 57.1 minutes; P=.02), greater weekly hours of planned physical activity (2.0 hours vs. 1.6 hours; P=.007), and greater daily screen time in front of a television or computer (3.2 hours vs. 2.5 hours; P<.001). Interventions to prevent or reduce overweight/obesity in Paute and other similar areas with students from both urban and rural areas should consider place of residence in their design(AU)


Ecuador experimenta una transición nutricional donde el sobrepeso y la obesidad coexisten con la desnutrición. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar estado nutricional, actividad física, consumo de frutas y verduras en adolescentes del cantón Paute-Ecuador y explorar las diferencias entre residencia urbana y rural. Se realizó un estudio transversal, con una muestra aleatoria de estudiantes de 12 a 19 años de edad en los dos únicos colegios de Paute. Se determinó el estado nutricional con el criterio de Organización Mundial de la Salud. Se determinó lugar de residencia, actividad física y frecuencia de consumo de frutas y verduras mediante cuestionarios. De los 314 estudiantes, 44,9% vivían en área urbana y 55,1% en área rural. La prevalencia de sobrepeso/obesidad fue más alta entre estudiantes del área urbana vs los del área rural (28,4% vs 17,9%; p=0,03). La prevalencia de talla baja fue mayor en área rural comparado con área urbana (31,8% vs 16,3%; p=0,002). No se encontraron diferencias significativas en el consumo de frutas y verduras. Los estudiantes del área urbana tuvieron un mayor promedio de minutos de actividad física después del colegio (76,0 vs 57,1 minutos; p=0,02), mayor número de horas de actividad física a la semana (2,0 vs 1,6 horas; p=0,007), y mayor tiempo frente a la pantalla del televisor o computador (3,2 vs 2,5 horas; p<0,001). Las intervenciones para prevenir o reducir el sobrepeso/obesidad en Paute y otras áreas similares con estudiantes de áreas urbana y rural deben considerar el lugar de residencia en sus diseños(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Weight by Height , Nutritional Status , Overweight/etiology , Motor Activity , Obesity/etiology , Vegetables , Anthropometry , Fruit
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